In the Sewers of History

What is the difference between the Warsaw Uprising of 1944 and the Gaza Resistance of 2023? Very little, except racism, of course.

More than half a century ago, in 1957, Andrzej Wajda, one of Poland’s most important directors, made “Kanał.” The title is the Polish word for “sewer.” The film was as grim as that would make you expect. It depicts the desperate struggle, defeat, and death of a group of Polish resistance fighter. When their Nazi German enemies force them to seek shelter…